Arowana Ownership Guide: Tips for Keeping This Exotic Pet Happy and Healthy

Welcome to your comprehensive guide on arowana ownership! If you’re considering adding this majestic and exotic fish to your aquatic family, you’ve come to the right place. Arowanas are captivating creatures known for their striking appearance and unique behaviors. They are highly sought after by aquarists for their beauty and intelligence. However, they also require specific care and attention to thrive. This guide will walk you through everything you need to know about keeping arowanas happy and healthy.

Introduction to Arowana Species

Arowanas belong to the Osteoglossidae family and are native to parts of South America, Africa, and Asia. The most popular species among aquarists are the Asian Arowana (Scleropages formosus) and the African Arowana (Heterotis niloticus). Asian Arowanas are often referred to as “Dragon Fish” due to their dragon-like appearance and are available in various colors, including red, green, and silver. These fish can grow up to 3 feet long and live for more than 20 years, making them a significant commitment.

Ideal Tank Setup

Setting up the perfect tank environment is crucial for the well-being of your arowana. Given their size and active nature, arowanas require spacious tanks. For a single adult, a tank of at least 200 gallons is recommended, and larger tanks are preferred for multiple fish or when they reach full size. The tank should be rectangular or long, providing ample swimming space and reducing stress from overcrowding.

Substrate and decorations play a vital role in creating a suitable habitat. Use large, smooth gravel or sand to avoid injury to your arowana’s sensitive barbels. Provide plenty of hiding spots and plants to mimic their natural environment. Floating plants are particularly beneficial as they provide shade and reduce light intensity, which arowanas prefer.

Water Parameters

Maintaining optimal water conditions is essential for the health of your arowana. Water temperature should be kept between 78°F and 84°F (25°C to 29°C), with pH levels between 6.5 and 7.5. Ammonia and nitrite levels should be zero, and nitrate levels should be kept below 20 ppm. Regular water changes—about 20% weekly—are necessary to keep these parameters stable.

Invest in high-quality filtration systems to ensure efficient biological, mechanical, and chemical filtration. Additionally, consider installing a heater thermostat to maintain consistent temperatures and a good air pump for oxygenation.

Diet Specifics and Feeding Habits

Arowanas are carnivorous and require a varied diet rich in protein. Their natural diet consists of insects, small fish, crustaceans, and amphibians. In captivity, feed them high-quality pellets designed for large predatory fish, along with frozen or live foods like bloodworms, brine shrimp, and feeder fish. Ensure that the food is appropriately sized to prevent choking.

Feed your arowana two to three times a week, as they are slow eaters and prone to overeating. Avoid excessive feeding to prevent obesity and digestive issues. Always observe their eating habits and adjust the frequency and amount accordingly.

Common Health Issues

Arowanas are generally hardy fish but can suffer from health problems if their environment or diet is neglected. Common issues include fin rot, bacterial infections, and parasitic infestations. Signs of illness may include lethargy, loss of appetite, discolored fins, or visible parasites.

To prevent health issues, maintain pristine water quality and quarantine new additions to the tank. If you notice any signs of illness, consult a veterinarian specializing in exotic fish for diagnosis and treatment. Early intervention is key to ensuring a swift recovery.

Proper Handling Techniques

Arowanas are powerful and potentially dangerous fish. Handling them requires extreme caution to avoid injury to both the fish and the handler. Only use a net with a soft mesh to move them, and never attempt to handle them directly. If you need to transport your arowana, use a sturdy container filled with dechlorinated water from its tank.

When cleaning the tank, avoid direct contact with the fish. Use a siphon or vacuum to remove debris without disturbing them. Regular maintenance, such as cleaning filters and checking equipment, should be done carefully to minimize stress.

Legal Considerations in Different Regions

Before acquiring an arowana, it’s important to understand the legal implications in your area. Some countries and regions have strict regulations regarding the import, export, and ownership of certain arowana species. For example, the Asian Arowana is listed under CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora), meaning trade is heavily regulated.

In the United States, some states prohibit or restrict the possession of arowanas due to concerns about invasive species. Always check local laws and obtain any necessary permits before bringing one home. Responsible ownership includes complying with all legal requirements and contributing to the conservation efforts of these remarkable fish.

Advice on Bonding with Your Arowana

Bonding with your arowana can be a rewarding experience. Despite their solitary nature, arowanas can develop a relationship with their caregivers. Spend time near their tank each day, talking softly and feeding them regularly. Over time, they may become accustomed to your presence and even respond to your voice.

Be patient and consistent in your interactions. Arowanas are intelligent and can recognize individual people. By fostering a positive relationship, you can enhance their overall well-being and enjoy a deeper connection with these fascinating creatures.

Conclusion

Owning an arowana is a significant responsibility that comes with great rewards. By understanding their unique needs and providing a loving, well-maintained environment, you can ensure your arowana lives a long and healthy life. Remember, the joy of watching these majestic fish swim gracefully in their tank is unparalleled. With the right care and dedication, you’ll have a lifelong companion that will bring beauty and wonder to your home.